Paolo borgarelli



' 2 Sheets-Sheet 1.

(No Model.)

P.BORGARELLI. DRIER .FOR CEREALS, 8w.

Patented Sept. 5,1893,

Fig. 2.

5. m A e a a\ 6 Q .E K Mm w (No Model.) I 9 4 I :P. BORGA-RELLI.

DRIERPOR GBREALS, 8w. No. 504,320. Patented Sept. 5, 1893.

UNITE STATES.

PATENT PAOLO BORGARELLI, OF TURIN, ITALY.

DRIER FOR CEREALS, 84c.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 504,320, datedSeptember 5, 1893.

Application filed October 31, 1892- Serial No. 450,417. (No model.)Patented in England September 41 1891, No. 14,986.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, PAOLO BORGARELLI, a subject'o'f the King of Italy,residing in Turin,Italy,have invented certain new and usefulImprovements in Driers for Cereals and other Finely-Divided Materials,(which invention has been patented in Great Britain, No. 14,986, datedSeptember 4, 1891,) of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to apparatus for drying cereals or other finelydivided, granular, or ulverulent materials, and particularly tosuchapparatusin which the aircirculates from below upward in a verticalchamber containing the material to be treated, which material isintroduced through a hopper at the top and is removed through an openingat the bottom, so that the material passes slowly through the apparatus,being in its course brought in contact with diaphragms within thechamber which diaphragms have double inclined faces and are so arrangedthat the material in descending through the chamber is repeatedlydivided, mixed and spread-out by the diaphragms, so that the materialoffers extensive and continually changing surfaces to the action of therising air. An apparatus of this character is disclosed in my UnitedStates patent dated March 1, 1892, No. 469,849.

My present invention aims to provide oer-- tain improvements inapparatus of this general character, and to this end in carrying out myinvention I construct such apparatus with certain improvements whichwill be hereinafter fully set forth.

In the accompanying drawings, which illustrate the preferred form ofmyinvention, Figure 1 is a vertical section of a drier constructedaccording to my invention. Fig. 2 is a vertical section thereof at rightangles to the plane on which Fig. 1 is cut. Fig. 3 is a horizontalsection of the lower portion of the drying chamber, cut on the line 3-3,and Fig. 4 is a similar section cut through the withdrawing chamber onthe line 4-4:. Fig. 5 is a fragmentary section corresponding to Fig. 2,showing the lower part of the drier on a larger scale.

Referring to the drawings, I will now describe the preferred form of myinvention.

In these figures, which only show the essential parts of the apparatus,0 is the desiccating chamber, containing as heretofore, diaphragms D,formed with double inclined top faces, the sides of which are madeeither solid or with openings. These diaphragms are of bar shape andarranged in superposed layers crossing each other at right angles anddisposed in alternating positions, so that the diaphragms of one layerare situated above and below the spaces in the contiguouslayers. Asusual the lower edge of each diaphragm rests on the upper edge of thatbeneath.

A is the charging hopper at top of the chamber O.

F is the lower hopper which conducts the materials to the dischargeopening f. The lower hopper is surrounded by a chamber E into which airor other gas enters, either freely from the atmosphere or by force fromany suitable blower. This air may be previously heated or dried by anyknown means either outside or within the chamber E. The incoming air maybe mixed with any antiseptic gasesor vapors if desired in order todisinfect the material simultaneously with the drying thereof, as isfrequently done with cereals. The air passes from the chamber E upthrough the chamber O and issues thence into the exhaust chamber Bformed around arrangement as those in chamber 0 and forming as it were acontinuation of these. These diaphragms D are designed to effect aregular distribution of the material to betreated at its entrance intothe drying chamber. According to my invention I arrange similardiaphragms D in the bottom hopper F, these forming a continuation ofthose in the chamber O. The object of these is to continue the mixingoperation and to facilitate the passage of the air through the materialuntil the moment when the latter issues from the apparatus. According tomy invention air inlet openings e are formed in the sides of the hopperF through which the air enters from the chamber E,snch openings being,if necessary, provided with any suitable regulating slides or flaps.

For the purpose of facilitating the entrance of air the whole or a partof the hopper F is made of a series of overlapping bars a a, like louvreblades, constructed to leave spaces a between them for the inlet of air,as seen in Figs. 1 and 2. This arrangement may be employed incombination with the openings aim the solid part of the hopper. In theconstruction shown that portion of the hopper above the point 0 is solidwhile that portion below this point is composed of separated bars a.Pieces H may be employed to support the bars a.

A device for automatically regulating the discharge of the material fromthe hopper F, is supplied as heretofore this being applied at thedischarge opening f of the apparatus. Preferably the openingf is formedin the side of the hopper F, and beyond it is a channel f, theinclination of which can be varied by a support G pivoted to the wall ofthe drier which channel is constructed to be movable so that it can beadjusted to such position that the material treated will rest upon it bycohesion as long as the material is moist,but will run off as soon asthe drying operation has progressed sufficiently to destroy thecohesion. By this provision the material will be automatically preventedfrom escaping until it has attained the required degree of dryness.

In operation the material to be treated will be introduced into thehopper A, descend through the chamber 0 into the hopper]? and bedischarged through the opening f onto and from the channel f. It will besubdivided by the diaphragms D as it enters the chamber, by thediaphragms D as it traverses the latter, and by the diaphragms D withinthe discharge hopper F. The air will rise in the chamber E, and passthrough the openingsa' and 6 into the hopper F, thence up through thechamber 0 and into the chamber B, from which it will escape through theopening I).

It will be seen that my invention provides an improved drier which willbe efiective in operation, compact in form and of simple construction.

What I claim in apparatus fordrying cereals or other granular orfinely-divided substances is the following-defined novel features andcombinations, substantially as hereinbefore set forth, namely: i

In a drier, a drying chamber 0 through which the material to be driedpasses from top to bottom, and a plurality of rows of diaphragms withinsaid chamber, those of each row crossing those of the next, and those ofeach row resting with their lower edges on the upper edges of those ofthe row beneath, in combination with a discharge hopper F at the lowerend of said chamber 0, constructed internally with a plurality of rowsof diaphragms, said diaphragms in said hopper constituting acontinuationof the diaphragms in said chamber, said hopper constructed with louvreblades a a constituting its side walls, said blades being spaced apartfor permitting the entrance of air between them, and having holes ecoinciding with the ends of said diaphragms in said hopper,substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

In witness whereof I have hereunto signed my name in the presence of twosubscribing witnesses.

PAOLO BORGARELLI.

Witnesses:

SECONDO CORTA, M. S. POWERS.

